plants having naked seeds not enclosed in an ovary
in some systems considered a class (Gymnospermae) and in others a division (Gymnospermophyta)
comprises three subdivisions (or classes): Cycadophytina (class Cycadopsida) and Gnetophytina (class Gnetopsida) and Coniferophytina (class Coniferopsida)
in some classifications the Coniferophytina are divided into three groups: Pinophytina (class Pinopsida) and Ginkgophytina (class Ginkgopsida) and Taxophytina (class Taxopsida) - gymnospermae- class gymnospermae- division gymnospermophyta